NNSE 504 Chemical Principles of Nanotechnology (1)
This course introduces the chemical principles behind nanoscale phenomena critical to nanomaterials, nanoengineering, nanoscience and nanobiology. Fundamental chemical principles are taught using concrete examples relevant to nanotechnology and nanotechnological applications. Topics covered include the chemical structure of nanomaterials, energetics and kinetics, reactivity, catalysis, and characterization. Prerequisites: Open to graduate students in the CNSE or Departments of Physics, Mathematics, Engineering, Computer Science or Biology, and with permission of instructor. No prior chemistry course required.

NNSE 506 Foundations of Nanotechnology I (1)
Building upon core competencies from fundamental science and engineering disciplines, the Foundations of Nanotechnology sequence is designed to provide students with the core competencies needed in preparation for advanced coursework and individual research in the various CNSE Nanoscale Science and Nanoscale Engineering Tracks. Students may select any number of the following 5 associated module topics.

• Crystallinity and Diffraction for Nanomaterial Systems - Fundamental descriptions of crystalline structure and experimental determination for nanomaterial systems. Prerequisite: Open to NNSE students; others by permission of instructor. 
• Phase Equilibria for Nanoscale Systems - First, second, and third laws of thermodynamics as applied to nanoscale systems; activity and the equilibrium constant; solutions; phase relations (including the phase rule); heterogeneous equilibria; free-energy-composition diagrams and their relation to phase transitions; phase diagrams. Prerequisite: Open to NNSE students; others by permission of instructor.
• Nanoscale Kinetics and Transport - Discussion of time-dependent mass transport in nanomaterials systems through a formal treatment of diffusion theory. Prerequisite: Open to NNSE students; others by permission of instructor.
• Nanoscale Mechanics of Materials - Introduction to atomic and continuum scale mechanics appropriate to nanoscale systems and assemblies, including the role of defects. Prerequisite: Open to NNSE students; others by permission of instructor.
• Practical Solid State Quantum Theory - Practical descriptions of how physical properties and behaviors of materials become dominated by quantum effects as length scales approach atomic dimensions. Prerequisite: Open to NNSE students; others by permission of instructor. 
• Principles of Nanobiology - Introduction to basic concepts in nanobiology and the interface between nano and biological systems. Open to graduate students in the CNSE; others by permission of instructor.

NNSE 507 Foundations of Nanotechnology II (1)
Building upon core competencies from fundamental science and engineering disciplines, the Foundations of Nanotechnology sequence is designed to provide students with the core competencies needed in preparation for advanced coursework and individual research in the various CNSE Nanoscale Science and Nanoscale Engineering Tracks. Students may select any number of the following 5 associated module topics.

• Mathematical Methods in Nanoscale Research - Introduction to the critical mathematical tools needed for research and education in nanotechnology. Prerequisite: Open to NNSE students; others by permission of instructor. Science of Nanoscale Laboratory Techniques - Overview of the scientific basis of key technologies in experimental nanotechnology research, including laboratory safety. Prerequisite: Open to NNSE students; others by permission of instructor. 
• Solid State Quantum Theory IA - Introduction to the quantum theory of nanoscale material systems and devices. Prerequisite: Open to NNSE students; others by permission of instructor. 
• Molecular Materials - Structure, chemistry, thermodynamics and physical properties of long chain molecules and molecular structures, including polymers, electronic polymers, proteins, carbon nanotubes and fullerenes, for applications in nanoscale systems, architectures, and devices. Prerequisite: Open to NNSE students; others by permission of instructor. 
• Solid State Quantum Theory IB - Quantum origins of physical properties in nanoscale systems. Prerequisite: Open to NNSE students; others by permission of instructor.
  NNSE 508 Foundations of Nanotechnology III (1)
  Building upon core competencies from fundamental science and engineering disciplines, the Foundations of Nanotechnology sequence is designed to provide students with the core competencies needed in preparation for advanced coursework and individual research in the various CNSE Nanoscale Science and Nanoscale Engineering Tracks. Students may select any number of the following 5 associated module topics.
• Particle-Solid Interactions in Nanomaterials - Interaction of high energy photons, electrons, and ions with matter in the context of atomic scale characterization of nanoscale materials, systems, and devices. Prerequisite: Open to NNSE students; others by permission of instructor. 
• Nanoscale Analytic Techniques - Physical basis of the major analytical methods used for nanoscale materials analysis. Prerequisite: Open to NNSE students; others by permission of instructor. 
• Practical Modeling for Nanoscale Systems - Principles of modeling structures and processes at the nanometer scale, including meshing techniques, finite element analysis, and molecular dynamics. Prerequisite: Open to NNSE students; others by permission of instructor. 
• Nanoscale Electronic and Magnetic Properties - Description and atomic scale origins of the electronic and magnetic properties of nanoscale materials, structures, and devices. Prerequisite: Open to NNSE students; others by permission of instructor. 
• Optical/Photonic Properties of Nanostructures - The interaction between electromagnetic waves and nanoscale materials, structures, and devices (molecular systems, thin film systems, etc.) is treated with particular attention to the increasing role of quantum effects as length scales approach atomic dimensions. Prerequisite: Open to NNSE students; others by permission of instructor. 
• Interfacial Properties of Nanosystems - Discussion of interfacial processes and dynamics in nanobiological systems including surface interactions, transport across interfaces and signaling. Open to CNSE students with introductory biology coursework or completion of Principles of Nanobiology; others by permission of instructor.

NNSE 509 Foundations of Nanotechnology IV (1)
Building upon core competencies from fundamental science and engineering disciplines, the Foundations of Nanotechnology sequence is designed to provide students with the core competencies needed in preparation for advanced coursework and individual research in the various CNSE Nanoscale Science and Nanoscale Engineering Tracks. Students may select any number of the following 5 associated module topics.

• Deposition Techniques for Ultra-Thin Films - Overview of deposition and processing methodologies used in ultra-thin film growth and related nanomaterial syntheses. Prerequisite: Open to NNSE students; others by permission of instructor.
• Nanoscale Device Principles - The physical principles underlying the design and operation of modern electronic and optoelectronic nanoscale devices and associated device architectures. Prerequisite: Open to NNSE students; others by permission of instructor. 
• Noncrystalline and Soft Nanomaterials - Introduction to the amorphous state of nanomaterials, including the structure of liquids and glassy nanoscale solids. Introduction to "soft" nanoscale materials including biological films, membranes and membrane polymers, liquid crystals and colloids. Prerequisite: Open to NNSE students; others by permission of instructor. 
• Introduction to NEMS/MEMS - Design fundamentals of nanometer scale electro-mechanical systems. Prerequisite: Open to NNSE students; others by permission of instructor. 
• Nanoscale Surfaces and Interfaces - Introduction to surface structure, properties, thermodynamics and analysis and their role in nanotechnology. Prerequisite: Open to NNSE students; others by permission of instructor.

NNSE 512 Quantum Theory of Solids II (3)
Applications of the quantum theory of nanoscale material systems. Fundamentals of Hartree-Fock theory and applications to band structure of ultra-small systems. Quantum harmonic crystal theory. Localized and long-ranged impurity states. Electron-phonon and electron-electron interactions. Practical applications of band structure in nanoscale semiconductor systems. Quantum conductivity in nanowires and nanostructures. Landauer theory: conductance of quantum channels.

NNSE 513 Economic Principles of Nanotechnology Management (3)
The principles of economics greatly impact the development of new technologies. Students are introduced to concepts such as markets, production, and consumer demand in order to understand how firms, customers, and government make decisions that will influence the creation, diffusion, and adoption of nanotechnologies. Students will also learn tools of strategic decision making critical to the nanotechnology development. Prerequisite: Consent of Instructor.

NNSE 514 Theoretical Foundations of Nanoeconomics (3)
This course introduces students to the theories, models, and methods used by economists to understand the creation impact of emerging nanotechnologies. Microeconomic models of firm production, consumer utility, and profit maximization will provide insight into the creation and adoption of technologies. Macroeconomic models will focus on topics of growth and international trade in high technology industries. Students will also be introduced to econometric research techniques. Prerequisites: Students must have completed NNSE 513 and permission of instructor.

NNSE 518 Nanoelectronic Devices, Circuits, and Systems (3)
The objective of this course is to provide the students with the knowledge of designing emerging nanoelectronic devices and using these devices to build future computing systems. After an introduction to CMOS devices and circuits, the course will cover CMOS design and simulation topics. Then, emerging nanoscale components that are beyond CMOS devices will be introduced, including: carbon nanotube based devices, quantum dots and molecular devices. More attention will be paid to the applications of these devices in implementation of future computers. The memory and logic architectures that take advantage of the properties of the emerging devices will be discussed. The recently developed CMOS-nano hybrid computing system will also be reviewed. Prerequisites: NNSE 509 Nanoscale Device Principles, NNSE 616 Nanoscale Semiconductor Devices or permission of the instructor.

NNSE 563 Academia, Business, and Government: Opportunities and Challenges in Science & Technology Partnership (3)
Science and technology advancements are powerful transformers of society. Government influences the outcomes of science, and in turn, science influences the actions of government, business and academic. Weekly seminar classes will help prepare graduate students to understand and learn the dynamics of developing and managing science and technology policies from individual and combined business, government, and academia perspectives which will help students examine and discuss practical applications, including public-private collaborative efforts in funding research, development, and technology deployment.

NNSE 565 Managing the Adoption of Technological Innovation (3)
A review of alternative models for commercializing technology such as limited exclusive teaming, strategic alliances, and arm’s length product development within the context of nanoscience-based technologies and the distributed economy. Main issues driving the creation and operation of strategic alliances will be identified as the foundation for understanding the commercialization process for nanoscience-based technologies.

NNSE 570 Nanochip Manufacturing Technology (3)
Introduces the basic principles of integrated circuit “nanochip” operation and presents, in detail, the fundamentals of nanochip fabrication including a description of typical obstacles encountered. Critical aspects are discussed with respect to current nanochip designs to achieve maximum speed and future changes to improve this response with low power loss. The course will also describe structural and functional differences between Logic, Dram, Flash etc. types of devices. Working principles of standard fabrication techniques in the semiconductor industry will be overviewed as well as detailed yield-control strategies necessary to keep an IC ‘Fab’ plant profitable. Prerequisites: Open to undergraduate seniors and graduate students in the CNSE or Departments of Physics, Chemistry, Computer Science, or Biology with permission of instructor.

NNSE 603 Nanomaterials Processing (3)
This course is intended for second or third year graduate students with a research focus or interest in the processing of nanoscale materials. This course will cover practical aspects of the scientific principles guiding the growth of both organic and inorganic nanomaterials by both vapor phase and solution phase processing. These materials include carbon nanostructures (nanotubes, nanospheres, graphene sheets, etc.), biological systems (polypeptides, proteins, DNA), and metallic nanostructures (Si nanowires, metal whiskers, etc.). Emphasis will be placed on developing an understanding of the basic growth mechanisms and characteristics of each class of material and growth technique. Prerequisite: Approval of instructor.

NNSE 605 Integrated Circuit Manufacturing I (3)
Covers basic tools and principles of chip construction. Describes structural and electrical differences between logic, dram, flash, etc. types of devices. Covers in detail how a chip is constructed and some of the problem areas encountered. Fundamental modules of ion implantation, pecvd, Lpcvd, Rie behavior, control of profiles, diffusion, Lithography, yield control tactics, deposition, oxidation kinetics, as well as future changes in the technology over the next 10 years will be covered. Future changes will be understood in terms of factors that drive speed of Microprocessors.

NNSE 606 Circuit Applications of Key Silicon Semiconductor Devices & Technologies
Most circuit designs today require many devices beyond CMOS to achieve the circuit requirements. These devices are termed derivative devices since they are derived from CMOS processing or fabricated with similar semiconductor processes as transistors. The objective of this course is to provide students with the device design and operation of semiconductor devices used by circuit designers in most applications today. The course will cover memory, passive devices, high voltage transistors and emerging technologies such as magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJ), magnetic random access memory (MRAM) and Silicon Photonics. The device physics of the devices will be reviewed and the student is expected to research in journals or other sources circuit applications for each technology presented. Prerequisites: NNSE 570 Nanochip Manufacturing Technology (or equivalent introductory course on semiconductor chip manufacturing, or nanofabrication techniques) or by permission of instructor

NNSE 608 Principles of Reliability for Semiconductor and Nanoscale Applications (3)
Ensuring reliability is commonly one of the most important and time consuming (expensive) efforts accompanying process and product development, yet the degradation processes in small (e.g. nanoscale) devices often challenge our understanding of materials science and the physical principles of failure. This course will introduce the student to the fundamentals of reliability theory and the science of materials degradation as related to semiconductor, MEMS and NEMS devices leading to an appreciation and an understanding of how materials fail. Basic statistics and thermodynamics as applied to reliability will be discussed. Upon completion of this, detailed descriptions of the known failure mechanisms will be described as well as accelerated reliability testing and data manipulation to extract failure rates and to design qualification testing programs to ensure reliability. Prerequisite: Permission of instructor.

NNSE 609 Electronics Packaging Fundamentals (3)
Introductory course to the field of electronic packaging. This course provides an overview of the various types of integrated circuit packaging, the manufacturing processes used to make them, assembly of the packages, and printed circuit boards (PCBs). In addition, 3D integration will be presented in the context of present research and development in the field. This course will give the student a fundamental knowledge of what drives packaging R&D and manufacturing. In addition, the student will receive an overview of what is needed to accommodate the ever increasing need for advanced packaging requirements necessary to meet the demands of increasing integrated circuit function / density. Prerequisites: Foundations sequence and permission of instructor.

NNSE 612 Optical Processes in Nanoscale Solids (3)
This course provides a theoretical overview of the optical properties of solids and the experimental methods used to characterize them including ellipsometry, photoreflectance and second harmonic generation. The course will primarily focus on semiconductor and metal single crystal solids. Building upon the optical properties of these bulk materials, this course describes research into the changes in bulk materials optical properties due to nanoscale phenomena such as quantum confinement. The theory behind photoreflectance and second harmonic generation will also be presented, in addition to the use of photoreflectance to measure stress induced changes in the critical point of silicon. Prerequisites: Foundation modules including, Solid State Quantum 1A and 1B, Nanoscale Electronic and Magnetic Properties, and Optical /Photonic properties of Nanostructures and NNSE 512 Quantum Theory of Solids II, or permission of the instructor.

NNSE 615 Semiconductor Optoelectronic Devices and Nanophotonics (3)
Introduction to semiconductor optoelectronic devices for communications and other applications, covering design, operating principles and practical device features. Review of relevant semiconductor physics. Optical processes of semiconductors, waveguides, and microcavities. Introduction to photonic crystals and photonic bandgap materials.

NNSE 616 Nanoelectronic Semiconductor Devices (3)
This course focuses on the solid-state quantum properties and nanoscale technology of various semiconductor-based electronic and optical devices. This course will make special emphasis on the properties of various types of junctions (p-n junctions, heterojunctions, metal-semiconductor junctions) leading to various electronic devices such as field effect transistors (FETs), metal-oxide-semiconductor FETS (MOSFETs), high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs), etc. In addition, a large portion of the class is devoted to the study of fundamentals of semiconductor-based photodetectors, various types of detection schemes (Schottky, MSM), and Solar Cell technology. The importance of miniaturization and heterostructures in modern high-speed quantum-effect devices will be emphasized throughout. Prerequisite: NNSE 509.

NNSE 617 Principles of Low-Dimensional Nanoelectronics (3)
The objective of this course is to provide students with advanced principles and knowledge of emerging 1-D and 2-D nanoelectronic devices. The first part introduces fundamental principles of nanoscale engineering and key properties of 1D/2D nanostructures. The second part focuses on specific device concepts, device physics, and potential applications in nano-based information processing (computing) and information storage (memory). Particular attention will be paid to low-dimensional nanostructures in implementing future-generation nanoelectronic systems engineered at nanoscale physical dimensions. Prerequisites: NNSE 509 Nanoscale Device Principles, NNSE 616 or permission of the instructor.

NNSE 618 (formerly 517) Science and Nanoengineering of Semiconductor Materials and Nanostructures (3)
Physical properties of nanostructured semiconductors critical to nanoscale optoelectronic devices. Bandgap engineering of nanostructures, two-, one- and zero-dimensional systems, transport in nanoscale superlattices and quantum wells. Carrier diffusion and scattering, ballistic transport, optical absorption, excitonic effects, radiative and non-radiative recombination, optical scattering in nanostructured semiconductors. Prerequisite: NNSE 511.

NNSE 621 Quantum Transport (3)
This course will cover fundamentals of carrier transport in reduced dimensional semiconductors. The course is intended for graduate students interested in understanding a bottom-up approach to current flow, beyond the classical approach based on drift-diffusion and Boltzmann transport equations. We will review the electronic properties of materials that are being actively investigated and examine the unique transport properties that arise in these materials. Current flow based on Landauer equations to more advanced Non Equilibrium Green’s Function formalisms will be covered, and their relation to T-Matrices will be discussed. The lectures will be supplemented with Matlab examples. Prerequisites: NNSE 507: Quantum 1A,B; NNSE 512, or permission of instructor.

NNSE 622 Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics of Small Systems (3)
This course addresses the fundamental concepts and methods of statistical thermodynamics relevant to the investigation of nanomaterials and their application to the development of new nanoscale electronic, biomedical devices and sustainable energy nanotechnologies. Topics covered include fundamental concepts and methods in thermodynamics and statistical mechanics, statistical thermodynamics of surfaces and interfaces, phase transitions, wetting phenomena, molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo simulations, transport processes and chemical kinetics. Prerequisites: Foundation of Nanotechnology modules. It is recommended a student has passed the qualifying exams in Nanoscale Science or Nanoscale Engineering. Permission of instructor.

NNSE 624 (3) Finance and Valuation of Nanotechnology Based Firms (3)
This course will cover elements of entrepreneurial finance, focusing on nanotechnology based start-up ventures. The first part of the course will cover models that can be used for valuing nanotechnology based firms. The second part will address key questions which entrepreneurs in nanotechnology based industries face: how much money can and should be raised, when should it be raised and from whom, and how funding should be structured. The subject aims to prepare students for these decisions as entrepreneurs in nanotechnology related industries. Prerequisites: Open to graduate students in the CNSE or Departments of Economics, School of Business, with permission of instructor.

NNSE 625 Quantum Processes in Solids and Nanostructures (3)
This course addresses the fundamental concepts and methods of quantum mechanics as relevant to the investigation of atomic and electronic properties of nanomaterials and nanodevices. Topics covered include the mathematical foundations and physical principles of quantum mechanics, exactly solvable quantum models, perturbation theory, variational principles, quantum theory of scattering, and system of many-particles. Prerequisites: Foundation of nanotechnology modules and NNSE 512 or equivalent and permission of instructor.

NNSE 626 Quantum Processes in Solids and Nanostructures II (3)
This is the second half of a one-year course that addresses the fundamental concepts relevant to the investigation of nanomaterials and nanodevices by applying the methods of quantum mechanics and nanoscale statistical mechanics to examine the atomic and electronic properties of surfaces and nanostructured materials and devices. Topics covered include atomic and electronic structure of clean and adsorbed surfaces, scanning tunneling microscopy, surface kinetics and dynamics, scattering view of nanoscale quantum transport, single-electron tunneling, and molecular-scale electronics.

NNSE 636 Bio-MEMS and Bio-NEMS (3)
Cross-disciplinary application of MEMS and NEMS to the biological sciences. Topics include the interaction of living cells/tissues with nanofabricated structures, microfluidics for the movement and control of solutions, and the development of I/O architectures for efficient readout of bio-reactions.

NNSE 640 NanoTechnology and Photovoltaics (3)
Topics focus on the application of nanoengineered materials and structures to photovoltaic technologies and include impact on performance and operation. Prerequisites: Foundations sequence, permission of instructor.

NNSE 641 Principles of Sensors: Chemical, Biological and Physical (3)
Fundamentals of sensor design, transduction techniques, and tailored coatings for chemical, biological and physical sensing applications, sensitivity and selectivity concerns, array design and pattern recognition algorithms.

NNSE 644 Nanoelectrochemical Systems (3)
This course will explore the theory and application of electrochemical processes as they apply to integrated nanoelectrochemical systems for use in sustainable ecosystems, including fuel cells, electrolyzers, supercapacitors, batteries, and photochemical solar cells. As an introduction, a thorough review of classical electrochemical principles, concepts and characterization methods will be given, including the nature and structure of the double layer, as well as the kinetics of electrode reactions. This will be followed by a discussion of and extension of these principles to the nanoscale. The discussion will focus on this area of active research; will involve an examination of recent literature in the field, including recent progress in electrocatalysis with nanoparticles supported on a variety of materials. Specific attention will be given to nanostructured thin film electrodes and electrolytes which are applicable to integrated nanoelectrochemical systems. The course will include the introduction to and hands on use of an electrochemical scanning microscope. Prerequisites: Foundations (506) courses and permission of instructor.

NNSE 646 Electrochemical Methods (3)
This course is a companion course to CNSE 644 and will explore both the theory and application of electrochemical methods to nanoelectrochemical systems. As an introduction, a thorough review of classical electrochemical principles will be given, including the nature and structure of the double layer, as well as the theory of charge transfer and the kinetics of electrode reactions. This will be followed by a discussion of basic methods of modeling nanoelectrochemical systems. This will be followed by an in-depth discussion of current applications of potential sweep methods of analysis, polargraphic and pulse voltammetry, controlled current techniques, hydrodynamic methods involving forced convection, as well as techniques based upon concepts of impedance and scanning probe techniques. The discussion will include a focus on areas of active research and will involve an examination of recent literature in the field. The course will include individual class projects with hands on use of the rotating ring disk electrode and the scanning electrochemical microscope. Prerequisites: NNSE 644 and permission of instructor.

NNSE 651 Fundamentals of Nanolithography I (3)
Chemistry of photoresists used in high volume manufacture of integrated circuits including resists based on i-line (365 nm), DUV (248 nm), ArF (193 nm), and Extreme Ultraviolet (13.5 nm) wavelengths. Additionally, the chemistry of SU8 resists used in MEMs application will also be covered. Optical properties useful for understanding high volume manufacture of integrated circuits will covered including: off-axis illumination, overlay, optical proximity corrections, mask error enhancement factor, phase-shift masks, diffraction limits, and outgassing and optics contamination. Additionally, the physics and chemistry of the role of secondary electrons in EUV will also be covered. The course will be taught once every two years, alternating with NNSE 652. Prerequisites: Successful completion of both NNSE 507 Molecular Materials and NNSE 508 Optical/Photonic Properties of Nanostructures; and the permission of the instructor. NNSE-508 may be taken concurrently with NNSE-651 Nanolithography.
NNSE 652 Fundamentals of Nanolithography II (3)
Design data creation and manipulation. Mask making. Metrology and inspection for lithography. Prerequisites: Foundations sequence, permission of instructor.

NNSE 654 Charged Particle Optics (3)
Fundamentals of charged particle optics including conventional and immersion lens approaches to focusing. Aberration theory and source technology. Prerequisites: Foundations sequence, permission of instructor.

NNSE 657 Bioconjugation Techniques and Purification Strategies for Nanobiology (3)
This course will give a detailed overview of reactive groups in biochemical systems and introduce an assortment of conjugation chemistries for biomolecular crosslinking and surface modification for both macro- and nano-biological applications. Likewise, general approaches for separation and analysis of biomolecules and conjugation agents will be discussed. The course will initially focus on the chemical properties of biomolecular functional groups and their reactions in polar environments (with a focus on aqueous systems). Single/multifunctional, cleavable, photo-activated cross-linkers and reagents will be discussed, including self-assembled monolayer chemistry and similar modification strategies for various nanostructured metallic and semiconductor interfaces. Analytical methods and purification strategies such as dialysis, filtration, and liquid chromatography etc. will be covered. Prerequisites: NNSE 506 “Intro to Nanobiology” , NNSE 508 “Nanobiointerfaces” and NNSE504 “Chemical Principles”. Undergraduate coursework in Biochemistry (protein structure/function) and Organic & Inorganic Chemistry and permission of Instructor.

NNSE 658 Biomedical Nanotechnology (3)
This course will introduce in-depth knowledge of biomedical nanotechnology and nanomedicine. Emphasis will be on the applications of nanotechnology in stem cell research, tissue engineering, drug delivery, gene therapy, cancer therapy, diagnostics, imaging, and nanotoxicity. Students with satisfactory completion of the course will have a demonstrated knowledge of how to apply nanotechnology to address biological and biomedical problems. Prerequisites: NNSE 506 Principles of Nanobiology/NNSE 508 Interfacial Properties of Nanobio Systems and permission of instructor.

NNSE 659 Introduction to Clinical Nanomedicine (3)
This course is designed to introduce graduate students to fundamentals of human anatomy and physiology as related to current and emerging applications in nanomedicine. Students will gain a basic understanding of the structure and function of major body systems including the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, urinary, and neurological systems. This course provides a comprehensive overview of challenges and opportunities for biotechnological innovation in health care. Students will actively engage in discussions about nanomedicine applications that are on the market or currently under development including nano-enabled pharmaceuticals, medical devices, in vivo and ex vivo diagnostics, biomaterials, and imaging techniques. Prerequisites: Enrollment in this course will be restricted to students who have passed the qualifying exam in their constellation and have successfully completed at least one graduate level nanobioscience lecture course or nanobio foundations courses, etc. Students who do not meet these criteria may petition the instructors for special permission to enroll.

NNSE 661 Semiconductor Metrology (3)
A detailed overview of current characterization methods critical to transistor fabrication, on-chip interconnection, lithography, defect detection and characterization, and process yield analysis. This course would cover the myriad techniques in use in or near semiconductor fabrication facilities that are critical to achieving acceptable process yields. Prerequisite: Permission of Instructor.

NNSE 664 Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Nanotechnology (3)
Innovation is the creation of value through the development of new products or processes. Innovations can improve efficiency, productivity, and quality. An entrepreneur is a leader who recognizes market opportunities and creates and implements innovations to meet the demand. This course introduces students to the theory, process, and practice of innovation and entrepreneurship. Topics covered include the innovation process, individual and corporate entrepreneurship, financing and legal issues in high-tech entrepreneurship, and developing an entrepreneurial plan. Students will perform a market analysis, prepare a business plan, and prepare a grant proposal for a nanotechnology they are familiar with. Prerequisites: One year of graduate research experience or consent of instructor.

NNSE 665A Electron Beam Analysis of Nanostructures (3)
First Part of a two-semester course on the application of electron beam techniques to the extraction of morphological, chemical and crystallographic information about nanomaterials. This course will provide a detailed understanding of the scanning electron microscope including electron probe formation, electron solid interactions, and the measurement and analysis of a variety of emitted signals including secondary and backscattered electrons, x-rays and cathodoluminescent.

NNSE 667 Surface Analysis of Nanostructures (3)
This course will look at a variety of currently used surface analytical techniques for the examination of nanomaterials and nanomaterial systems including Rutherford backscattering, nuclear reaction analysis, secondary ion microanalysis, proton excited x-ray analysis, atomic force microscopy, ultrasonic force microscopy, low energy electron diffraction, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and compare them with regard to sensitivity, spatial and depth resolution, sample requirements and the kinds of information they can provide in the examination of nanostructures and materials. Prerequisite: Permission of Instructor.

NNSE 670 Transmission Electron Microscopy (4)
Basics of nanoscale analysis using specialized transmission electron microscope instrumentation such as scanning TEM, HRTEM, cryo-TEM and TEM-STM. Course emphasizes practical training in the operation of advanced TEM instrumentation, stressing hands-on laboratory sessions and a semester-long project involving a specimen of the student's choosing ( a task related to the student's research program in nanotechnology is strongly encouraged). Suitable project topics include: specialized sample preparation for nanostructures (FIB & tripod polishing); amorphous & nanocrystalline materials; imaging and spectroscopy of quantum wells and quantum dots; interface nanostructure and segregation. Prerequisites: Permission of instructor.

NNSE 673 X-ray Scattering and Crystallography for Nanoscale Materials and Structures (3)
Application of advanced x-ray scattering and diffraction techniques for the investigation of nanomaterials, nanodevice structures, and nanoscale modulated systems. Prerequisites: Foundations sequence, permission of instructor.

NNSE 680 Seminar in Nanosciences and Nanoengineering (1-6)
Advanced individual theoretical and experimental work, conferences, and reports. May be taken in either semester or both.

NNSE 681 Seminar in Nanobiology (1)
This course introduces students to concepts of hypothesis-driven research and the range of experimental strategies applicable towards research objectives in nanobiology, through critical reading and discussion of current scientific literature and evaluation of ongoing research by peers. Recent research articles in the field of nanobiology, as well as students’ own research data, protocols, and perspectives, will serve as the basis for weekly discussions. Students will participate in choosing articles and will learn how to critically review both the written articles and the experimental research procedures. In addition to exploring the field of nanobiology, this course is intended to help students improve their scientific communication skills. Students will be evaluated based upon participation in discussion sessions, as well as through one in-class oral presentation. Prerequisites: Open to students with permission of instructor; also open to superior undergraduate seniors with the approval of their advisers and the written consent of their department chairs.

NNSE 682 Entrepreneurship, Law and Emerging Technologies (1)
This course offers students the opportunity to work with faculty and students from Albany Law School and will expose them to the science, art and law of entrepreneurship and emerging technologies. Students will not only receive grounding in the law of business development and intellectual property, but will also be steeped in the science behind nanoscale technologies so that they can practice effectively in this rapidly emerging field. This course follows a nontraditional schedule. Students will be expected to participate in a one day introductory workshop. The remainder of the course will be delivered in by weekly sessions. Please contact faculty member for more schedule details. Prerequisite: Permission of instructor.

NNSE 683 Seminar in Nanoscale Engineering (1)
This course introduces students to current topics in nanoengineering through both reading and discussion of current scientific literature. Critical reading of scientific papers in the field of nanoengineering will serve as the basis for weekly discussions. Students will participate in choosing current, high-quality research articles for discussion and will be expected to present at least one article during the course of the semester. In addition to exploring the field of nanoengineering, this course is intended to familiarize students with scientific literature. Students will learn to use online databases and search engines to find articles and will learn how to critically review both the written articles and the experimental research procedures. Students will be evaluated based upon participation in discussion sessions, as well as through one in-class oral presentation. Prerequisites: Open to students with permission of instructor; also open to superior undergraduate seniors with the approval of their advisers and the written consent of their department chairs.

NNSE 689 Nano and Public Health Internship (3-6)
The internship program at either institution will offer concentrations in the areas of: epidemiology, environmental health, biomedical sciences, health policy, nanoscience, nanoengineering, nanobioscience, or nanoeconomics. These internships will be in support of research for the NanoLife initiatives which focuses on environmental and human health and safety of engineered nanomaterials. Internship rotations may be full-time or part-time. Each credit represents a minimum of 80 hours of work with a host agency or organization. A paper and an oral presentation are required. Prerequisite: Admission to the MPH program or CNSE graduate program.

NNSE 695 Introduction to Research Problems in Nanosciences and Nanoengineering (3)
Individually directed research studies into areas of current research interest in nanosciences and nanoengineering. Prerequisite: Consent of faculty instructor.

NNSE 696 Introduction to Research Problems II (3)
Individually directed research studies in areas of current research interest in nanoscale science and nanoscale engineering to be taken in second semester of graduate study at CNSE. Will conclude with delivery of research results at the end of the semester. Prerequisite: Completion of NNSE 695 and consent of research advisor.

NNSE 697 Master's Research in Nanoscale Science (1-9)
Individually directed research studies in Nanoscale Science for Master's degree students. Prerequisite: Permission of instructor.

NNSE 698 Master's Research in Nanoscale Engineering (1-9)

NNSE 699 Masters Thesis in Nanosciences and Nanoengineering (2-6)

NNSE 731 Current Topics in Molecular Materials and Architectures (3)
Individually directed research studies into areas of current research interest in molecular materials and architectures. Pre-requisite: Permission of instructor.

NNSE 737 Current Topics in Optoelectronic Materials, Architectures, and Devices (3)
Individually directed research studies into areas of current research interest in optoelectronic materials, architectures, and devices. Pre-requisite: Permission of instructor.

NNSE 742 Current Topics in Nanosystems Sciences and Technologies (3)
Individually directed research studies into areas of current research interest in nanosystems sciences and technologies. Pre-requisite: Permission of instructor.

NNSE 750 Thin Film Single and Multilayered Material Structures (3)
Individually directed research studies into areas of current research interest in thin film single and multilayered material structures. Pre-requisite: Permission of instructor.

NNSE 756 Nanomaterials for Nanotechnology (3)
Individually directed research studies into areas of current research interest in nanomaterials for nanotechnology. Pre-requisite: Permission of instructor.

NNSE 762 Nanomaterials for Nanoscale Materials Modeling, Characterization, and Metrology (3)
Individually directed research studies into areas of current research interest in nanomaterials for nanoscale materials modeling, characterization, and metrology. Pre-requisite: Permission of instructor.

NNSE 780 Current Topics in Nanosciences and Nanoengineering (1-3)
Selected topics of current interest in nanosciences and nanoengineering such as molecular self-assembly phenomena, emerging hybrid material and system integration protocols, and advanced topics in molecular materials and architectures; optoelectronic materials, architectures, and devices; nanosystems sciences and technologies; thin film single and multilayered material structures; nanomaterials for nanotechnology; and nanoscale materials characterization, modeling, analysis, and metrology.

NNSE 784 Special Topics in Nanosciences and Nanoengineering (1-6)
Selected coverage of specialized topics in non-traditional areas where nanosciences and nanoengineering play an important role, such as design, growth, and properties of nanomaterials, including metals, semiconductors, polymers, and chemical and biological materials; integration, processing, testing and qualification of these materials in integrated nanocircuitry, micro- and nano-systems and sensors, and integrated optics; nanoelectronics; bioelectronics; telecommunications; wireless communications; optical devices and components; leading edge metrology; and sensor-on-a-chip devices for energy, environment, and defense applications. Often staffed by guest lecturers and speakers.

NNSE 810 Research in Nanosciences and Nanoengineering (1-15)
Research in nanosciences and nanoengineering for students working beyond the Master’s degree level. Consent of the Dean of the school or the doctoral student's advisory committee required. Residence credit earned in this course becomes applicable upon satisfactory completion of all other requirements established for the Ph.D. degree in nanosciences and nanoengineering.

NNSE 812 Research in Thin Film Single and Multilayered Material Structures (3-15)
Research in Thin Film Single and Multilayered Material Structures for students working beyond the Master’s degree level. Consent of the Dean of the school or the doctoral student's advisory committee required. Residence credit earned in this course becomes applicable upon satisfactory completion of all other requirements established for the Ph.D. degree in nanosciences and nanoengineering.

NNSE 814 Research in Optoelectronic Material, Architectures, and Devices (3-15)
Research in Optoelectronic Material, Architectures, and Devices for students working beyond the Master’s degree level. Consent of the Dean of the school or the doctoral student's advisory committee required. Residence credit earned in this course becomes applicable upon satisfactory completion of all other requirements established for the Ph.D. degree in nanosciences and nanoengineering.

NNSE 816 Research in NanoSystems Sciences and Technologies (3-15)
Research in NanoSystems Sciences and Technologies for students working beyond the Master’s degree level. Consent of the Dean of the school or the doctoral student's advisory committee required. Residence credit earned in this course becomes applicable upon satisfactory completion of all other requirements established for the Ph.D. degree in nanosciences and nanoengineering.

NNSE 818 Research in Nanomaterials for NanoTechnology (3-15)
Research in Nanomaterials for NanoTechnology for students working beyond the Master’s degree level. Consent of the Dean of the school or the doctoral student's advisory committee required. Residence credit earned in this course becomes applicable upon satisfactory completion of all other requirements established for the Ph.D. degree in nanosciences and nanoengineering.

NNSE 820 Research in Nanomaterials Modeling, Characterization, Analysis, and Metrology (3-15)
Research in Nanomaterials Modeling, Characterization, Analysis, and Metrology for students working beyond the Master’s degree level. Consent of the Dean of the school or the doctoral student's advisory committee required. Residence credit earned in this course becomes applicable upon satisfactory completion of all other requirements established for the Ph.D. degree in nanosciences and nanoengineering.

NNSE 822 Research in Molecular Materials and Architectures (3-15)
Research in Molecular Materials and Architectures for students working beyond the Master’s degree level. Consent of the Dean of the school or the doctoral student's advisory committee required. Residence credit earned in this course becomes applicable upon satisfactory completion of all other requirements established for the Ph.D. degree in nanosciences and nanoengineering.

NNSE 899 Doctoral Dissertation in Nanosciences and Nanoengineering (1-12)
Prerequisites: Admission to doctoral candidacy, completion of all other credit requirements and benchmark requirements in doctoral program.